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By Dr. Michael Lonardo, PhD, BCDNM
Introduction
Psychological Disorders (PD) are a growing concern both for individuals and for society as a whole. Conditions such as ADHD, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, depression, and many more stem from an unstandardized manifestation of symptoms. Commonly found symptoms include inattentiveness, hyperactivity, worry, unstable moods, and sadness leading to substantial difficulties in functioning. Currently, the major treatment methodology involves the use of pharmaceuticals. Although there exist a multitude of drugs for a particular PD, these generally yield various side effects and restrictions. As a result, the exploration into natural and naturopathic medicine as alternative treatments is an area of increasing interest. The objective behind this exploration is the achievement of a more ‘natural’ remedy that reduces the side effects associated with pharmaceuticals or alternatively achieves a more desirable effect.
Understanding Psychological Conditions
ADHD or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a chronic condition characterized by inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. These symptoms result in dysfunction and impairment in more than one area. At present, the current standard of care involves the use of stimulant medications, methylphenidate and amphetamines in order to enhance attention and contain hyperactive and impulsive symptoms. While the treatment is effective for symptom management, there are significant and dose-dependent adverse effects associated with these drugs such as insomnia, loss of appetite and elevation in cardiovascular events, which may potentially be life-threatening. It could pose challenges to adherence to treatment and future management. As a result, even with the clinical effect of ADHD medications on core symptoms, there is still possibly an unmet need for the development of coping mechanisms in managing skills that relate to underlying cognitive and emotional problems associated with ADHD. Hence, the exploration of other treatment options is warranted to optimize patient outcomes in individuals with ADHD. In this regard, the use of natural and naturopathic medicine as possible treatment options should be considered.
Anxiety disorders are excessive feelings of fear, concern, and restlessness that impede a person’s daily life and social functioning. The common treatment for anxiety disorders mainly comprises pharmacotherapeutics such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and benzodiazepines. These drugs, though useful to control symptoms, have considerable downsides including drug abuse, withdrawal syndrome, and side effects ranging from sedation to sexual dysfunction. Moreover, the response to these therapeutic drugs is also inconsistent since a substantial part of the population fails to benefit from them (McIntyre et al., 2019). These factors make it necessary to explore the other treatment avenues that potentially provide an effective yet sustainable approach to the management of anxiety.
Bipolar disorder is a chronic and recurrent mental illness whose systemic implications manifest through episodes of mania and depression that can impact functioning. Standard treatment approaches for bipolar disorder typically involve mood stabilizers like lithium, anticonvulsants, and antipsychotics. Yet, pharmacological interventions present several challenges, including a potential for manic switching and poor efficacy for bipolar depression (Ng et al., 2021). Additionally, psychiatric side effects such as weight gain, tremors, and cognitive dysfunction can lead to poor compliance and treatment discontinuation. The mentioned complexities necessitate the considerations for alternative treatment approaches for those affected with bipolar disorder, particularly using natural and naturopathic medicine that focuses on broader symptom management and quality of life improvement.
Depression is a prevalent psychological condition characterized by persistent sadness, lack of interest in activities, and a variety of physical and cognitive impairments. Conventional treatments typically involve antidepressant medications like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). Despite their widespread use, these pharmaceuticals often pose challenges, including delayed therapeutic effects, incomplete remission of symptoms, and undesirable side effects such as weight gain and sexual dysfunction (Dome et al., 2019). Furthermore, patient adherence is frequently compromised due to these adverse effects, leading to discontinuation and relapse. Such limitations underscore the necessity for exploring alternative therapeutic modalities that might offer more effective and tolerable solutions for individuals suffering from depression, potentially incorporating insights from natural and naturopathic medicine that aim to address depressive symptoms through different mechanisms and holistic approaches (Dai et al., 2022).
Overview of Natural Medicine
Natural medicine, also known as complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), is an umbrella term that describes a variety of healthcare fields that use naturally derived substances and healing practices rooted in tradition and culture. Natural medicine seeks to restore psychological balance and overall health through lifestyle changes, dietary recommendations, and herbal supplements, while its philosophy relies on the body’s ability to heal itself (Wang et al., 2019). Natural medicine is one of the oldest healthcare fields, it traces its origins back to ancient Asia, Africa, and the Americas, where certain plants, minerals, and other substances were used for medicinal purposes (Yimer et al., 2019). The growing popularity of natural medicine is attributed to widespread dissatisfaction with regular pharmaceuticals and the pursuit of natural medicines that are less likely to produce side effects and have a more personalized approach. Therefore, natural medicine is actively integrated into modern health care, providing people with more options for the psychological treatment of various diseases.
A relevant aspect is growing interest in the field of natural medicine practices’ development, namely herbal medicine and nutrition. Herbal medicine is a branch of natural medicine, which includes active principles from plants. These compounds demonstrated clinical evidence of their anxiolytic and antidepressant effects. Combining these practices with conventional treatment approaches may reduce uncontrolled drug use and enhance well-being (McIntyre et al., 2019). Nutrition highlights the impact of food selection on microbiota and neurotransmitters’ functionality, such as dopamine and serotonin, contributing to brain activity (Dome et al., 2019). Using natural medicine practices ensures a natural approach and complements body functions, targeting both psychological and physical components.
Naturopathic medicine is a distinct philosophy of health care that emphasizes the healing nature of the body and natural therapies as well as a prevention-focused, holistic set of principles. The principles of Naturopathic medicine are based on traditional healing systems that incorporate several modalities such as herbal medicine & nutrition to promote health and well-being while preventing illness. Naturopathic medicine treats the underlying cause of illnesses rather than managing it with medications like conventional medicine. Instead of understanding patients only from the physical level, it looks at the disease in consideration of mental and emotional well-being along with common health (Yimer et al., 2019). It adheres to the principle that one must treat a whole person and not just symptoms. Naturopathic medicine also distinguishes itself with its prevention-focused measures where the emphasis is to teach patients to actively participate with their health management rather than relying only on medications for treatment (Wang et al., 2019).
Naturopathic medicine covers a wide range of practices, and some major branches of it such as lifestyle counseling and dietary therapies are very important for this type of medicine which aims to treat people holistically. Lifestyle counseling is a very important therapeutic practice in naturopathic medicine where people are counseled to adjust their relatively negative lifestyle such as more physical activities and stress management in order to promote their health status in both psychological and physical aspects. The deep relationship between lifestyle and individuals’ psychological health is evidence of its efficacy because lifestyle adjustment can significantly contribute to the overall health status of almost every individual (Yimer et al., 2019). Dietary therapy has also a very significant importance in the practice of naturopathic medicine. Under the definition of dietary therapy in naturopathic medicine, more highly individualized nutritional prescriptions can be offered to individuals to promote their psychological state. More specifically, these nutritional therapies are mainly based on micronutrient-rich food intake, which can modulate neurotransmitter activities and leads more contribution to the innate healing process of the body as one of the adjunctive treatment options for specific psychological disorders with conventional medications (Wang et al., 2019).
Benefits of Natural Medicine for Psychological Conditions
While ADHD symptoms can be managed through pharmaceuticals, natural medicine concepts can provide more exciting prospects in this regard. Herbal medicines and their effectiveness were explored in the case studies and research. For instance, Ginkgo biloba and Bacopa monnieri effectively improve patients’ cognitive function and predispose them to a higher ability to control their behavior (Yimer et al., 2019). The reasoning behind the mechanism of the herbal agents considers their impact on neurotransmitters and cerebral blood circulation. Also, a significant role of diet was elaborated in the patients who consumed products rich in omega-3 fatty acids (Wang et al., 2019). It is proved that the latter are helpful in terms of brain health because they can reduce oxidative stress and improve functioning. Ultimately, the implementation of the above practices contributes to the alleviation of ADHD manifestations and generalizing the overall impact on patients’ lives.
In the assessment of clinical cases and empirical evidence, natural medicine benefits include a diversity of options available to treat anxiety. Certain herbs like passionflower and kava target specific neurotransmitters to reduce anxiety levels by inducing a calming effect (McIntyre et al., 2019). Compared to conventional anxiolytics that are correlated with withdrawal effects and high potential for drug dependency, patients still tend to prefer natural anxiolytics due to the perceived reduced level of side effects. Moreover, natural medicine benefits from nutritional strategies that incorporate supplementation of essential nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids and magnesium to alleviate anxiety due to their involvement in stress response and better mental health. As a result, natural medicine is hypothesized to achieve better patient satisfaction, whereby anxiety pathways are targeted holistically to improve patient well-being and adherence with treatment plans.
Natural medicine has shown to hold significant benefits to patients with bipolar disorder demonstrating that there are several options they could choose from rather than solely relying on medication. For example, a clinical study found that omega-3 fatty acids, a key component of fish oil, can aid in stabilizing mood and even decreasing the depressive state among patients with bipolar disorder. This claim is also supported by a paper that stressed that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are important psychosocial modulators (Dome et al., 2019). Moreover, Rhodiola rosea, an adaptogen herb, is also studied clinically and found to create a more tolerant effect by the body to stressors that aggravate mood symptoms among patients with bipolar disorder (Ng et al., 2021). Patients are also highly inclined to opt for these natural medicines due to the claims presented that they exhibit more safety and lower rates for undesirable effects when compared to the medication that they should have taken such as mood stabilizers. Moreover, there rise in natural medicine can further show how this option aids to the psychological resilience of patients thereby improving their overall quality of life (Yimer et al., 2019).
Natural medicine appears to have a positive potential in treating depressive symptoms and could be used as a complementary alternative to standard antidepressants. Studies indicated that St. John’s Wort was linked to mood improvement due to its direct effect on neurotransmitters, which is a common purpose for conventional antidepressants (Dome et al., 2019). Moreover, the dose-dependent positive influence of omega-3 acid on human mood was also recorded, making it a valuable treatment for depressed clients (Dai et al., 2022). The case studies yielded similar outcomes showing that natural approaches were potent treatment methods for mood and cognition enhancement, with lower rates of side effects in comparison with traditional pharmaceutical drugs. The all-around positive findings encourage using natural medicine as a part of the treatment package for people with depression due to its potential positive effects on people and a diminished tendency to rely on medicine with adverse results.
Naturopathic Medicine and Psychological Conditions
The complex nature of ADHD has opened doors for Naturopathic medicine as an alternative option for treatment. Case studies have shown that natural supplements, such as omega-3 fatty acids, helped to improve attention and increase inhibition in ADHD patients. The supplementation is thought to affect neurotransmitters and brain activity, and thus, acts as a natural substitute to ADHD patients’ usual stimulant medication treatment (Yimer et al., 2019). The use of herbal medicine also plays a key role: Ginkgo biloba can improve cognitive ability and decrease impulsivity, hinting that the herb can be used as an adjunct treatment option in broader management plans for ADHD patients (Yimer et al., 2019). Naturopathic medicine emphasizes aspects such as lifestyle and health and thus aims to reduce symptoms while improving factors that lead to ADHD itself, which can result in improved treatment plan adherence and compliance for ADHD patients.
Based on studies and testimonials, Naturopathic medicine holds potential in providing anxiety relief through certain modalities. Innovative herbal solutions like passion flower and valerian root were shown to enhance the effects of certain neurotransmitters resulting in decreased anxiety, thereby providing a natural choice instead of leading anxiolytics (McIntyre et al., 2019) . Many people prefer such treatment options as long-term standardized prescriptions carry risk of addiction and multiple side effects which is a major concern for patients battling anxiety. Mechanism based lifestyle changes and dietary practices as practiced in naturopathic medicine put significant focus on balanced diet and stress-relieving practices which take a toll on someone’s mental health. By focusing on causes rather than symptoms, Naturopathic treatment options provide significant relief in terms of quality life and enhanced satisfaction in patients while providing high potential to be used as complementary or even alternative treatment modules in place of conventional/allopathic medicine.
The role of naturopathic medicine as an alternative treatment for bipolar disorder has been backed up by several research studies that manifest the efficacy of its strategies in dealing with the complex nature of the disorder’s symptoms. It has been discussed that one of the most promising strategies that can be used to manage the mood instability of patients with bipolar disorder is the use of omega-3 fatty acids or fish oil, which has been statistically proven to stabilize mood and lessen the duration and impact of depressive phases of the disorder(Ng et al., 2021). Moreover, the use of herbal products such as Rhodiola rosea is also gaining popularity recently due to its properties as an adaptogen that can help the body and mind to adapt to stress and contribute to the stabilization of the patients’ mood(Yimer et al., 2019). Natural treatment options are more appealing to the patients given that these herbal and dietary interventions have lesser side effects than the side effects presumed to be caused by the provided psychiatric medications that are often difficult to tolerate and ineffective in certain phases of the disorder. By harnessing the natural potential of Naturopathic strategies, patients with bipolar disorder may be able to experience better emotional regulation and ultimately, achieve better treatment compliance, quality of life, and overall well-being.
There are many benefits of using Naturopathic medicine for depression because it uses natural therapies to treat the physiological and psychological aspects of depression. In the literature, there is a herbal medicine known as St. John’s Wort, which has shown the potential to improve mood by regulating neurotransmitters through the use of natural means (Dome et al., 2019). Furthermore, omega-3 fatty acids have shown the potential to stabilize the mood of depressive patients and improve their cognitive function and emotional regulation (Dai et al., 2022). Moreover, the cases in the literature discovered showed how the natural therapies treated patients diagnosed with depression and how the adverse effects are minimal as compared to conventional antidepressants (Yimer et al., 2019). The treatment philosophy of Naturopathic medicine would eventually decrease the use of antidepressants and improve the overall well-being of the patient and improve adherence. Hence, Naturopathic medicine can alter the lives of patients diagnosed with depression and seek treatment without the use of pharmaceuticals.
Comparisons with Pharmaceuticals
Natural medicine vs. pharmaceuticals: Similarities and differences in treatment effectiveness (ADHD). From the clinical perspective, it is critical to evaluate the effectiveness of natural medicine and pharmaceuticals used for treating ADHD to determine the choice of the treatment method. According to the findings of the study by Li et al., the herbal-based Ginkgo biloba demonstrated positive effects on patients’ attention and cognitive functioning. In contrast to pharmaceuticals that target specific neurotransmitter systems associated with ADHD symptoms, the natural medicine approaches provide treatment methods that contribute to overall well-being and mental health. Although stimulant pharmaceuticals are developed using their immediate and profound impact on attention, they are associated with undesirable side effects, such as insomnia and increased cardiovascular disease risk, limiting the long-term success of ADHD treatment (Ng et al., 2021). Overall, the natural medicine and pharmaceuticals available for ADHD treatment present their unique advantages and features, thus making a choice between them predetermined by patients’ needs.
The perceived advantages and disadvantages of natural medicine over pharmaceuticals in addressing anxiety are highlighted by their side effects. Natural medicines like passionflower and kava have low potential for addiction, withdrawal, and rebound effects, which are widespread concerns with conventional anxiolytics (McIntyre et al., 2019). The same applies to the side effects of natural medicines; they exhibit a lower frequency of daytime sedation, sexual dysfunction, and withdrawal compared to SSRIs and benzodiazepines, respectively. Nonetheless, despite their perceived advantages in terms of side effects, natural medicines’ safety is not universal; they can cause allergic reactions, possess variable efficacy, and influence outcomes when combined with other medications (Ng et al., 2021). Therefore, while conventional pharmacotherapy facilitates quicker symptomatic relief, natural medicine’s lenient and total approach yields benefits irresistible to those who unambiguously prioritize a low side effect burden.
Natural medicine for bipolar disorder also offers unique benefits in terms of accessibility and cost-effectiveness compared to traditional medications. Several natural treatments available for bipolar disorder, including omega-3 fatty acids and herbal products such as Rhodiola rosea, are more accessible and economical for patients because they can usually be found in health food stores and are cheaper than conventional medications (Ng et al., 2021). This increased accessibility makes natural medicine especially advantageous for patients who are living in areas with limited healthcare access, where conventional medications are often expensive or difficult to acquire. Additionally, the cost-effectiveness of natural medicine may improve patient compliance to treatment because patients are less likely to experience financial distress, a common issue with allopathic medications, that may interfere with treatment adherence (Yimer et al., 2019). Through alleviating the economic burden associated with the treatment of bipolar disorder, natural medicine offers an alternative approach to improve patient outcomes and promote health equity.
The assessment of patient satisfaction and quality of life improvements indicates that natural medicine for depression can provide significant benefits in comparison to pharmaceuticals. Evidence shows that natural treatments like St. John’s Wort and omega-3 fatty acids play a significant role in the improvement of mood and emotional regulation and lead to reduced adverse effects and positive experiences from treatment (Dome et al., 2019). Patients traditionally report higher satisfaction from natural therapies due to their holistic effect and lower side effect profile as opposed to common side effects from antidepressant remedies like weight gain and sexual dysfunction (Dai et al., 2022). Natural Medicine’s focus on the treatment of both physiological and psychological aspects of depression is more consistent with patients’ expectations for comprehensive solutions and potentially increases adherence to treatment strategy and overall well-being. Hence, natural medicine presents a promising and alternative option for depression patients to improve their quality of life.
When comparing natural medicine and pharmaceutical drugs for psychological disorders, there are important differences. Natural medicine, which uses herbs and diet practices, generally has a lower risk of addiction and side effects compared to pharmaceutical drugs, which is a common concern for drugs prescribed for anxiety and depression (McIntyre et al., 2019). In addition, natural medicine practices are generally cheaper compared to pharmaceutical medicines. Natural herbal dietary treatments (such as omega-3 fatty acids and other herbal dietary supplements) can be accessed with ease, especially for those people whose access to healthcare is limited (Yimer et al., 2019). Nonetheless, while natural medicine offers a more ‘whole body’ and integrative approach to treatment, the effectiveness of these treatments can be inconsistent and for certain individuals, the need for pharmaceutical treatment may be crucial in relieving symptoms quickly, especially in patients with ADHD and bipolar disorder (Ng et al., 2021). Hence, the decision between natural or pharmaceutical drugs would largely depend on patient preferences and the psychological disorders that require treatment.
Conclusion
The examination of natural and naturopathic medicine in managing psychological disorders offers a broader perspective when contrasted with traditional pharmaceutical methods. Alternative treatments are associated with reduced adverse effects and enhanced patient satisfaction levels compared to conventional medications. This holistic approach emphasizes lifestyle modifications, including dietary considerations, which align with addressing the physiological and organic aspects of conditions such as ADHD, anxiety, bipolar disorders, and depression. In the close to a decade as an actively practicing Board Certified Doctor Of Natural Medicine, my outcomes underscore the necessity for further research into natural therapies, their mechanisms, and their long-term efficacy with the potential to tailor treatments to individual patients and improve clinical results. In a world where we ironically call pharmaceutical medicine “traditional medicine” and natural medicine “alternative medicine” maybe, just maybe it is time we take a hard look at why natural medicine has existed and been effective for thousands of years compared with “traditional medicine” that has only been in use for hundreds of years and has such horrid side effects. Our traditional medicine system should truly be called sick care NOT healthcare! It is far past time to move aside big oil (which has destroyed healthcare) and normalize, expand, and promote natural treatment options and a more integrative psychological care strategy.
References
Dai, W., Feng, K., Sun, X., Xu, L., Wu, S., Rahmand, K., Jia, D., & Han, T. (2022). Natural products for the treatment of stress-induced depression: Pharmacology, mechanism and traditional use. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 285, 114692. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874121009211
Dome, P., Tombor, L., Lazary, J., Gonda, X., & Rihmer, Z. (2019). Natural health products, dietary minerals and over-the-counter medications as add-on therapies to antidepressants in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a …. Brain Research Bulletin, 146, 51–78. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0361923018305689
McIntyre, E., Saliba, A. J., Wiener, K. K., & Bishop, F. L. (2019). Predicting the intention to use herbal medicines for anxiety symptoms: a model of health behaviour. Journal of Mental Health. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/shareview/10.1080/09638237.2017.1417553
Ng, V. W., Man, K. K., Gao, L., Chan, E. W., Lee, E. H., Hayes, J. F., & Wong, I. C. (2021). Bipolar disorder prevalence and psychotropic medication utilisation in Hong Kong and the United Kingdom. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 30(11), 1588–1600. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/pds.5318
Wang, Y. S., Shen, C. Y., & Jiang, J. G. (2019). Antidepressant active ingredients from herbs and nutraceuticals used in TCM: pharmacological mechanisms and prospects for drug discovery. Pharmacological Research, 150, 104520. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1043661819322601
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24/7 service. Same Day Appointments are Available.
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